A molecular insulating crystal reversibly exhibiting a metal-like, highly conducting state found under UV-irradiation

A highly conducting state has been found in a molecular crystal under UV-irradiation. The state reversibly appears in accordance with UV-irradiation, but does not appear by any other method such as raising the temperature, which often induces metallic behavior in insulating molecular crystals. The UV-excited state exhibits conduction and magnetic behavior characteristic of metallic substances. The result suggests that there is an optically accessible, but thermally inaccessible, state of matter.

Photoconduction, where an insulating material exhibits a semiconducting property under photoirradiation, was found in 1873, and is now applied in various devices including optical sensors, CCD cameras, remote controllers and solar cells. This long-known important phenomenon has a weak point; it cannot produce high conduction metallic substances. Metallic conduction is more suitable or advantageous for application in electronic devices, because it consumes less energy than semiconductors. In our present work, we have found metal-like conduction behavior in a molecular crystal under UV-irradiation. This material itself is unique in that, without irradiation, its behavior falls between metals and insulators. However, it turned out to be impossible to make it behave metallically in any method other than UV-irradiation. Such a material is often “metallized” by applying high pressure or high temperature, but this was not the case for this particular material. In addition to the newly found metallic photoconduction, our finding is important because it indicates that there are other photoexcited states of matter possessing unique properties. In other words, we should explore the photoexcited states of various materials to find novel properties and functions just as chemists have done for hundreds of years by synthesizing new materials.

Reference URL: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/TC/C9TC00491B#!divAbstract

Bibliographic Information

A Possibly Highly Conducting State in an Optically Excited Molecular Crystal, Toshio Naito, Tomoaki Karasudani, Ryoma Yamamoto, Ming Yang Zhang, and Takashi Yamamoto, Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 7(30), 9175-9183, DOI: 10.1039/c9tc00491b, 2019 (June 19).

Fundings

• Ehime University GP, Tokyo Chemical Industry Foundation, Tokyo Ohka Foundation for The Promotion of Science and Technology, Kato Foundation for Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (KAKENHI Grant Number 18K19061) of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Ehime University Grant for Interdisciplinary Research

Media

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  A new type of photoconduction in a molecular crystal

  A shot of UV light has produced a considerable flow of electric current like spring water in an insulating molecular crystal, which phenomenon originates from the unique original physical properties of this material, realized by the interplay between the two kinds of molecules shown in the image.

  credit : Royal Society of Chemistry. Image reproduced by permission of Naito Toshio et al. from Journal of Materials Chemistry C.
  Usage Restriction : Proper citation of the URL above and acknowledgement to Royal Society of Chemistry